Indian Road Development Plan

In 1930-32, some political notable people of India at that time understand that in order to develop a country, it needs to have adequate roads.

And in the same way, the East Indian The company realized that if they did not build the good roads, they would suffer the most, because they need roads to import, export and travel to one area to another.

So in 1934, with the permission of the British Government, a semi-official body was formed, which is known as Indian Road Congress (IRC). It may be recalled that this was one of the main recommendations made by the Jayakar Committee.

The IRC will prepared standard specifications and provided a platform for the expression of professional opinion on the matter relating to road engineering including those of organization and administration.

The IRC publishes journals, research publications, standards, specifications, guidelines, and other special publications on various aspects of Highway Engineering.

After the 2^nd World War, there was a revolution in respect of automobiles using the roads in our country and a large number of military vehicles started playing on the roads. With the rapid increase in vehicles and so the roads started developing fast. The need for proper planning and development of roads was urgently felt by the authorities by this time.

At Nagpur, in 1943, at the initiative of the IRC to finalize the first Road Development Plan.

Nagpur Road Conference & Plan :-

Indian Road Development Plan (Nagpur, Bombay & Lucknow Plan)

A conference of the Chief Engineers of all the states & provinces was convened in 1943 by the Government of India At Nagpur. It was the first attempt to prepare a Co-ordinated road development program in a planned manner. Thus the ‘First 20 year Road Development Plan’ in India was finalized for the period 1943-63 at the Nagpur Road Conference. The target road density was 16 KM per 100 sqKM area of the country.

The Nagpur Road Plan classified the roads in India based on location and functions into following five-category:-

1. NationalHighway

2. State Highway

3. Major District Road

4. Order District Road

5. Village Road

The road conference was for 20 years, but 2 years ahead is was completed means the target density was achieved by the year 1961.

The total length of the first category or surfaced roads for National and State Highway and Major District Roads in km is given by the formula:

Length of (NH + SH +MDR) = [ A/8 + B/32 + 1.6N + 8T] + D - R

Where,

A = Agricultural area km²

B = Non-agricultural area km²

N = No. of towns & villages with population range 2001-5000

T = No. of towns & villages with population over 5000

D = Development allowance of 15% of the road length calculated for agricultural & industrial development during the next 20 years.

R = Existing length of railway track

The total length of the second category roads for other district roads and village roads in km is given by the given formula:

Length of (ODR + VR) = [0.32V + 0.8Q + 1.6P + 3.2S] + D

Where,

V = No. of villages with a population of 500 or less

Q = No. of villages with a population range 500-1000

P = No. of villages with a population range 1001-2000

S = No. of villages with a population range 2001-5000

D = Development allowance of 15% for next 20 years.

EXAMPLE

The following data were collected for planning the road the development program of a backward district.

Total Area – 9000 km²

Agricultural and developed area – 3200 km²

Existing railway track length – 100 km

Existing Length of Surface Road – 300 km

Existing length of Un-Surfaced Road – 400 km

No of towns or villages in different population ranges are as below;

*Population*	>5000	2001-5000	1001-2000	501-1000	<500
*No, of villages & towns*	10	40	120	250	500

Calculate the additional lengths of surfaced and un- surfaced roads system based on Nagpur Road Formulae for this district.

SOLn:-

As Nagpur road plan formula, the total length of surfaced roads

= A/8 + B/32 + 1.6N + 8T + D – R

Where A = 3000 km²

B = 9600 – 3200 = 6400 km²,

N = 40

T = 10

D = 15%

R = 100 km

Existing length of surfaced roads = 300 km, Unsurfaced roads = 400 km

Surfaced Road Length = (3200/8 + 6600/32 + 1.6×40 + 10×8) + 15% of total length – 105

= (400 + 200 + 64 + 80) + 15% of RL – 105

= 664 + (15×664/100) -105

= 658.6 km

Additional surfaced roads needed = 658.6 – 300 = 358.6 km

Total length of un-surfaced roads,

= (0.32V + 0.8Q + 1.6P + 3.2S) + D

Given values V = 500; Q = 250; P = 120; S = 40 and D = 15%

Un-surfaced road length,

= (0.32×500 + 0.8×250 + 1.6×120 + 3.2×40) + 15% of RL

= (160 + 200 + 192 + 128) + 15% of RL

= 680 + 102 = 782 km

Additional un-surfaced roads required = 782-359 = 423 km.

Bombay Road Conference:-

The second 20 year Road Development plan for the period 1961-81 was initiated by the IRC and was finalized in 1959 at the meeting of the Chief Engineers held at Mumbai. The road density was targeted at about 32 Km per 100 sqKm in our country. The construction of 1600 Km of expressways was also included in this plan in the year of 1981. The density was achieved by about 47 Km per 100 sqKm area of our country.

FORMULA

Length of National Highway,

= (A/64 + B/80 + C/9) + (32K + 8M) + D

Length of (National Highways + State Highways),

= (A/20 + B/24 + C/32) + (48K + 24M + 11.2N +1.6P)

Length of (National Highways + State Highways + Major District Roads),

= (A/8 + B/16 + C/24) + (48K + 24M +11.2N + 9.6P + 6.4Q +2.4R) + D

Length of (National Highways + State Highway +Major District Roads + Other District Roads),

= (3A/16 +3B/32 + C/16)+ (48K + 24M +11.2N +9.6P +12.8Q +4R +0.8S +0.32T]) + D

Length of (National Highways + State Highways + Major District Roads + Other District Roads + Village Roads),

= (A/4 + B/8 +C/12) + [48K + 24M +11.2N +9.6P +12.8Q +5.9R +1.6S +0.64T +0.2V] +D

Where,

A = Developed and agricultural areas; km²

B = Semi-developed area, km²

C = Undeveloped area, km²

K = No. of towns with a population over 100000

M = No. of towns with a population range 50000-1000000

N = No. of towns with a population range 20000-50000

P = No. of town with a population range 10000-20000

Q = No. of towns with a population range 5000-10000

R = No. of towns with a population range 2000-5000

S = No. of towns with a population range 1000-2000

T = No. of towns with a population range 500-1000

V = No. of towns with a range below 500

D = Development allowance of 5% of road length calculated for further development and other unforeseen factors.

EXAMPLE

Calculate the lengths of National and State highways required in a district with a total area of 6000 km², developed, semi-developed, and undeveloped areas being 20, 40, and 20% of the district. The number of towns with population over 1.0, 0.6-1.0, 0.2-0.4, and 0.1-0.2 lakhs is 3, 6, 13, and 18 respectively in the district.

Given data:

A = 6000×0.20 = 1200

B = 6000×0.40 = 2400

C = 6000×0.20 = 1200

K = 3; M = 6; N = 13;

P = 20; D = 5% of road length.

NH = (1200/64 + 2400/80 + 1200/96) + 32×3 + 8×6 + 5% of RL

= 210.38 = 210 km

NH + SH,

= (1200/20 + 2400/24 + 1200/32) + 48×3 + 24×6 + 11.2×13 +1.6×20] + 5% of RL

= 663.1 +33.15

= 696.15 km

SH = 696.15 – 210.38 = 486 km

Lucknow Road Conference:-

This is a 3^rd 20-year road development plan which was from 1981-2001. The target road density by the year 2001 was 82 Km per 100 sqKm area of the country. In this plan, the road divided into six categories :

1. Expressway

2. National highway

3. State Highway

4. Major District Road

5. Other District Road

6. Village Road.

EXAMPLE

The area of a certain district in India is 13000 km² and there are 15 towns as per the 1981 census. Determine the lengths of different categories of roads to be provided in this district by the year 2001.

SOLn-

Length of NH = 13000/50 = 260 km

Length of SH:

By area, SH = 13000/25 = 520 km

By area and no. of towns, SH, = (62.5×15 – 260) = 677.5 km

Adopt length of SH (higher of the two criteria) = 520 km

Length of MDR, in the District:

By area, MDR =13000/12.5 = 1040 km

By no. of towns, MDR = 90×15 = 1350 km

Provided length of MDR (higher of the two criteria) = 1350 km

The total length of all categories of roads may be assumed to provide an overall density of road length equal to 82 km per 100 sq.km area by the year 2001.

Indian Road Development Plan (Nagpur, Bombay & Lucknow Plan)

Indian Road Development Plan

In 1930-32, some political notable people of India at that time understand that in order to develop a country, it needs to have adequate roads.

And in the same way, the East Indian The company realized that if they did not build the good roads, they would suffer the most, because they need roads to import, export and travel to one area to another.

So in 1934, with the permission of the British Government, a semi-official body was formed, which is known as Indian Road Congress (IRC). It may be recalled that this was one of the main recommendations made by the Jayakar Committee.

The IRC will prepared standard specifications and provided a platform for the expression of professional opinion on the matter relating to road engineering including those of organization and administration.

The IRC publishes journals, research publications, standards, specifications, guidelines, and other special publications on various aspects of Highway Engineering.

At Nagpur, in 1943, at the initiative of the IRC to finalize the first Road Development Plan.

Nagpur Road Conference & Plan :-

The Nagpur Road Plan classified the roads in India based on location and functions into following five-category:-

1. NationalHighway

2. State Highway

3. Major District Road

4. Order District Road

5. Village Road

The road conference was for 20 years, but 2 years ahead is was completed means the target density was achieved by the year 1961.

The total length of the first category or surfaced roads for National and State Highway and Major District Roads in km is given by the formula:

Length of (NH + SH +MDR) = [ A/8 + B/32 + 1.6N + 8T] + D - R

Where,

A = Agricultural area km2

B = Non-agricultural area km2

N = No. of towns & villages with population range 2001-5000

T = No. of towns & villages with population over 5000

D = Development allowance of 15% of the road length calculated for agricultural & industrial development during the next 20 years.

R = Existing length of railway track

The total length of the second category roads for other district roads and village roads in km is given by the given formula:

Length of (ODR + VR) = [0.32V + 0.8Q + 1.6P + 3.2S] + D

Where,

V = No. of villages with a population of 500 or less

Q = No. of villages with a population range 500-1000

P = No. of villages with a population range 1001-2000

S = No. of villages with a population range 2001-5000

D = Development allowance of 15% for next 20 years.

EXAMPLE

The following data were collected for planning the road the development program of a backward district.

Total Area – 9000 km2

Agricultural and developed area – 3200 km2

Existing railway track length – 100 km

Existing Length of Surface Road – 300 km

Existing length of Un-Surfaced Road – 400 km

No of towns or villages in different population ranges are as below;

Calculate the additional lengths of surfaced and un- surfaced roads system based on Nagpur Road Formulae for this district.

As Nagpur road plan formula, the total length of surfaced roads

= A/8 + B/32 + 1.6N + 8T + D – R

Where A = 3000 km2

B = 9600 – 3200 = 6400 km2,

N = 40

T = 10

D = 15%

R = 100 km

Existing length of surfaced roads = 300 km, Unsurfaced roads = 400 km

Surfaced Road Length = (3200/8 + 6600/32 + 1.6×40 + 10×8) + 15% of total length – 105

= (400 + 200 + 64 + 80) + 15% of RL – 105

= 664 + (15×664/100) -105

= 658.6 km

Additional surfaced roads needed = 658.6 – 300 = 358.6 km

Total length of un-surfaced roads,

= (0.32V + 0.8Q + 1.6P + 3.2S) + D

Given values V = 500; Q = 250; P = 120; S = 40 and D = 15%

Un-surfaced road length,

= (0.32×500 + 0.8×250 + 1.6×120 + 3.2×40) + 15% of RL

= (160 + 200 + 192 + 128) + 15% of RL

= 680 + 102 = 782 km

Additional un-surfaced roads required = 782-359 = 423 km.

Bombay Road Conference:-

FORMULA

Length of National Highway,

= (A/64 + B/80 + C/9) + (32K + 8M) + D

Length of (National Highways + State Highways),

Length of (National Highways + State Highways + Major District Roads),

= (A/8 + B/16 + C/24) + (48K + 24M +11.2N + 9.6P + 6.4Q +2.4R) + D

Length of (National Highways + State Highway +Major District Roads + Other District Roads),

= (3A/16 +3B/32 + C/16)+ (48K + 24M +11.2N +9.6P +12.8Q +4R +0.8S +0.32T]) + D

Length of (National Highways + State Highways + Major District Roads + Other District Roads + Village Roads),

= (A/4 + B/8 +C/12) + [48K + 24M +11.2N +9.6P +12.8Q +5.9R +1.6S +0.64T +0.2V] +D

Where,

A = Developed and agricultural areas; km2

B = Semi-developed area, km2

C = Undeveloped area, km2

K = No. of towns with a population over 100000

A = Agricultural area km²

B = Non-agricultural area km²

Total Area – 9000 km²

Agricultural and developed area – 3200 km²

Where A = 3000 km²

B = 9600 – 3200 = 6400 km²,

A = Developed and agricultural areas; km²

B = Semi-developed area, km²

C = Undeveloped area, km²

This is a 3^rd 20-year road development plan which was from 1981-2001. The target road density by the year 2001 was 82 Km per 100 sqKm area of the country. In this plan, the road divided into six categories :

The area of a certain district in India is 13000 km² and there are 15 towns as per the 1981 census. Determine the lengths of different categories of roads to be provided in this district by the year 2001.